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1.
Simulated gastrointestinal digestion of walnut protein yields anti-inflammatory peptides.
Xia, W, Gao, Y, Fang, X, Jin, L, Liu, R, Wang, LS, Deng, Y, Gao, J, Yang, H, Wu, W, et al
Food chemistry. 2024;:138646
Abstract
The impact of the simulated gastrointestinal digestion process on walnut protein and the potential anti-inflammatory properties of its metabolites was studied. Structural changes induced by digestion, notably in α-Helix, β-Turn, and Random Coil configurations, were unveiled. Proteins over 10,000 Da significantly decreased by 35.6 %. Antioxidant activity in these metabolites paralleled increased amino acid content. Molecular docking identified three walnut polypeptides-IPAGTPVYLINR, FQGQLPR, and VVYVLR-with potent anti-inflammatory properties. RMSD and RMSF analysis demonstrated the stable and flexible interaction of these polypeptides with their target proteins. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in normal human colon mucosal epithelial NCM460 cells, these peptides decreased 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, while mitigating cell apoptosis and inflammation. Our study offers valuable insights into walnut protein physiology, shedding light on its potential health benefits.
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2.
Divergent rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial structure and function in long-term warmed steppe due to altered root exudation.
Yu, Y, Zhou, Y, Janssens, IA, Deng, Y, He, X, Liu, L, Yi, Y, Xiao, N, Wang, X, Li, C, et al
Global change biology. 2024;(1):e17111
Abstract
While there is an extensive body of research on the influence of climate warming on total soil microbial communities, our understanding of how rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microorganisms respond to warming remains limited. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the impact of 4 years of soil warming on the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of a temperate steppe, focusing on changes in root exudation rates and exudate compositions. We used open top chambers to simulate warming conditions, resulting in an average soil temperature increase of 1.1°C over a span of 4 years. Our results showed that, in the non-rhizosphere soil, warming had no significant impact on dissolved organic carbon concentrations, compositions, or the abundance of soil microbial functional genes related to carbon and nitrogen cycling. Moreover, soil microbial diversity and community composition remained largely unaffected, although warming resulted in increased complexity of soil bacteria and fungi in the non-rhizosphere soil. In contrast, warming resulted in a substantial decrease in root exudate carbon (by 19%) and nitrogen (by 12%) concentrations and induced changes in root exudate compositions, primarily characterized by a reduction in the abundance in alcohols, coenzymes and vitamins, and phenylpropanoids and polyketides. These changes in root exudation rates and exudate compositions resulted in significant shifts in rhizosphere soil microbial diversity and community composition, ultimately leading to a reduction in the complexity of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community networks. Altered root exudation and rhizosphere microbial community composition therefore decreased the expression of functional genes related to soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. Interestingly, we found that changes in soil carbon-related genes were primarily driven by the fungal communities and their responses to warming, both in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil. The study of soil microbial structure and function in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil provides an ideal setting for understanding mechanisms for governing rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil carbon and nitrogen cycles. Our results highlight the distinctly varied responses of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil to climate warming. This suggests the need for models to address these processes individually, enabling more accurate predictions of the impacts of climate change on terrestrial carbon cycling.
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Network Meta-Analysis Indicates Superior Effects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Preventing the Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High-Risk.
Chen, C, Deng, Y, Li, Y, Zhang, M, Yu, T, Xie, K, Bao, W, Li, P, Sun, L, Zhang, T, et al
The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology. 2024;(3)
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of pharmacological and nutritional interventions in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) remains elusive. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of pharmacological and nutritional interventions in CHR-P and whether these interventions can enhance the efficacy of psychological treatments. METHODS We systematically reviewed data from 5 databases until July 24, 2021: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang Data. The primary outcome was the transition to psychosis. Network meta-analyses were conducted at 3 time points (6, 12, and ≥24 months) considering both pharmacological/nutritional interventions alone and its combination with psychotherapy. RESULTS Out of 11 417 identified references, 21 studies were included, comprising 1983 participants. CHR-P participants receiving omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment were associated with a lower probability of transition compared with placebo/control at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] = 0.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .01 to .054), 12 months (OR = 0.14, 95% CI = .03 to .66), and ≥24 months (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = .05 to .54). Moreover, risperidone plus psychotherapy was associated with a lower likelihood of transition at 6 months compared with placebo/control plus psychotherapy, but this result was not sustained over longer durations. CONCLUSION Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids helped in preventing transitions to psychosis compared with controls. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021256209.
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Synthesis of New Derivatives of Berberine Canagliflozin and Study of Their Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism.
Li, J, Hou, X, Xiao, J, Zhu, L, Deng, Y, Li, Z, Zhao, Z, Luo, Z, Wei, H
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2024;(1)
Abstract
The isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, derived from Coptidis rhizoma, exhibits antibacterial, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. We synthesized compounds B9OC and B9OBU by conjugating canagliflozin and n-butane at the C9 position of berberine, aiming to develop antimicrobial agents for combating bacterial infections worldwide. We utilized clinically prevalent pathogenic bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of B9OC. This was accomplished through the determination of the MIC80 values, analysis of bacterial growth curves, evaluation of biofilm formation using crystal violet staining, assessment of impact on bacterial proteins via SDS-PAGE analysis, and observation of alterations in bacterial morphology utilizing field emission scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the ADMET of compound B9OC was predicted using a computer-aided method. The findings revealed that B9OC exhibited lower minimal inhibitory concentrations against all three bacteria compared to berberine alone or in combination with canagliflozin. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of B9OC against the three experimental strains were determined to be 0.035, 0.258, and 0.331 mM. However, B9OBu exhibited a lower level of antimicrobial activity compared to berberine. The compound B9OC exhibits a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity by disrupting the integrity of bacterial cell walls, leading to cellular rupture and the subsequent degradation of intracellular proteins.
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Discovery, biosynthesis, organic synthesis, and bioactivities of meroterpenoids from Rhododendron species.
Deng, Y, Lu, GH, Xu, JY, Luo, Q, Du, QF
Phytochemistry. 2024;:114089
Abstract
Meroterpenoids discovered in Rhododendrons species possess unique chemical structures and biological activities and are expected to become new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease, metabolic disorders, and chronic kidney disease, and these compounds have attracted increasing attention in recent years. In this study, Rhododendron meroterpenoids and their structures, classifications, racemate distribution, biosynthetic pathways, chemical synthesis, and bioactivities are reviewed prior to 2023.
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6.
Effects of time-restricted eating on intrahepatic fat and metabolic health among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Deng, Y, Liu, X, Sun, Y, Zhou, L, Li, Q, Lei, Z, Yang, F, Chen, L, Zhang, C, Tan, W, et al
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). 2024;(3):494-505
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study's objective was to explore whether early time-restricted eating (eTRE) and late time-restricted eating (lTRE) have different impacts on intrahepatic fat and metabolic health among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS This is an 8-week, randomized, parallel-arm, open-label trial. Forty eligible patients were randomly assigned to eTRE (eating between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.) or lTRE (eating between 12:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m.). The primary outcome was the change of intrahepatic fat measured by magnetic resonance image-derived proton density fat fraction. Secondary outcomes included changes in weight, body composition, liver function, and cardiometabolic factors. RESULTS Forty participants who underwent randomization completed the trial (mean age: 38.25 years). The eTRE group had a -3.24% absolute reduction of intrahepatic fat (95% CI: -4.55% to -1.92%) and there was a -3.51% absolute reduction for the lTRE group (95% CI: -5.10% to -1.92%). Changes in intrahepatic fat were not statistically different between the two groups. Both the eTRE and lTRE groups had similar and significant reductions in weight, visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, liver enzymes, and glucose regulatory indicators. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with NAFLD, both eTRE and lTRE induced significant reductions in intrahepatic fat and improvements in body composition, liver function, and metabolic health with similar magnitude. These findings suggest that eTRE and lTRE are comparable and feasible strategies for NAFLD management.
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7.
Natural compounds efficacy in Ophthalmic Diseases: A new twist impacting ferroptosis.
Yuan, M, He, Q, Xiang, W, Deng, Y, Lin, S, Zhang, R
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2024;:116230
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a distinct form of cell death, is characterized by the iron-mediated oxidation of lipids and is finely controlled by multiple cellular metabolic pathways. These pathways encompass redox balance, iron regulation, mitochondrial function, as well as amino acid, lipid, and sugar metabolism. Additionally, various disease-related signaling pathways also play a role in the regulation of ferroptosis. In recent years, with the introduction of the concept of ferroptosis and the deepening of research on its mechanism, ferroptosis is closely related to various biological conditions of eye diseases, including eye organ development, aging, immunity, and cancer. This article reviews the development of the concept of ferroptosis, the mechanism of ferroptosis, and its latest research progress in ophthalmic diseases and reviews the research on ferroptosis in ocular diseases within the framework of metabolism, active oxygen biology, and iron biology. Key regulators and mechanisms of ferroptosis in ocular diseases introduce important concepts and major open questions in the field of ferroptosis and related natural compounds. It is hoped that in future research, further breakthroughs will be made in the regulation mechanism of ferroptosis and the use of ferroptosis to promote the treatment of eye diseases. At the same time, natural compounds may be the direction of new drug development for the potential treatment of ferroptosis in the future. Open up a new way for clinical ophthalmologists to research and prevent diseases.
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8.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adrenal hypofunction and Psoriasisby induced by tislelizumab: A case report and review of literature.
Deng, Y, Huang, M, Deng, R, Wang, J
Medicine. 2024;(12):e37562
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Abstract
RATIONALE Immune-related adverse events following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors can affect almost every organ. Tislelizumab, a novel humanized Ig G4 programmed death receptor 1 inhibitor, was started for bladder cancer in 2019, but the adverse effects of this drug may not yet be known due to its short time on the market, and there are still some clinical safety concerns. There are few reports of adrenal insufficiency after tislelizumab treatment, which is easily missed, misdiagnosed and life-threatening. PATIENT CONCERNS A 67-year-old male with bladder cancer who developed rash, water-sodium retention, electrolyte disturbances, hypoalbuminemia, low-grade fever, nausea and vomiting, and fatigue after 2 cycles of tislelizumab. DIAGNOSIS Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adrenal hypofunction and Psoriasisby. INTERVENTIONS Suspended tislelizumab treatment and continued glucocorticoid therapy. OUTCOMES The patient showed significant improvement in the above symptoms. But bladder cancer reemerged at the same site. CONCLUSIONS The advent of immune-related adverse events has increased the complexity of the application of tislelizumab in the treatment of bladder cancer and further research is needed to develop the best treatment guidelines. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial since the adverse events could endanger lives.
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Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome-Based Symptom Management Versus Usual Care After Lung Cancer Surgery: Long-Term Results of a Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial.
Dai, W, Wang, Y, Liao, J, Wei, X, Dai, Z, Xu, W, Liu, Y, Wang, XS, Pompili, C, Yu, H, et al
Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2024;:JCO2301854
Abstract
Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.We previously reported superior symptom control of electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO)-based symptom management after lung cancer surgery for up to 1 month postdischarge. Here, we present the long-term results (1-12 months) of this multicenter, randomized trial, where patients were assigned 1:1 to receive postoperative ePRO-based symptom management or usual care daily postsurgery, twice weekly postdischarge until 1 month, and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postdischarge. Long-term patient-reported outcomes were assessed with MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-Lung Cancer module. Per-protocol analyses were performed with 55 patients in the ePRO group and 57 in the usual care group. At 12 months postdischarge, the ePRO group reported significantly fewer symptom threshold events (any of the five target symptom scored ≥4; median [IQR], 0 [0-0] v 0 [0-1]; P = .040) than the usual care group. From 1 to 12 months postdischarge, the ePRO group consistently reported significantly lower composite scores for physical interference (estimate, -0.86 [95% CI, -1.32 to -0.39]) and affective interference (estimate, -0.70 [95% CI, -1.14 to -0.26]). Early intensive ePRO-based symptom management after lung cancer surgery reduced symptom burden and improved functional status for up to 1 year postdischarge, supporting its integration into standard care.
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Circulating copper levels and the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.
Zhao, H, Mei, K, Hu, Q, Wu, Y, Xu, Y, Qinling, , Yu, P, Deng, Y, Zhu, W, Yan, Z, et al
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). 2024;(Pt 2):122711
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper is an essential trace element in the human body; its relationship with cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) remains unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the association between circulating copper concentrations and CCVD risk and mortality. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge databases for cohort studies reporting associations between circulating copper concentrations and cardiovascular diseases and mortality published up to August 23, 2023. Effect sizes were pooled using random-effects models. We graded the certainty of the evidence by the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) framework. RESULTS Our analysis included 47,813 patients across 17 cohort studies. Elevated circulating copper levels were linked to the risk of stroke (OR = 1.52; 95% CI 1.30-1.78), coronary artery disease mortality (RR = 2.77; 95% CI 1.82-4.19), cardiovascular mortality (RR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.52-2.11), and all-cause mortality (RR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.35-1.79) but not the risk of acute myocardial infarction (RR = 2.01; 95% CI 0.63-6.47). Continuous analysis (per 20 μg/dl increase) showed consistent results regarding the association between copper levels and stroke incidence (OR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.14-1.33), cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.07-1.53) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.04-1.44). Except for the low certainty of evidence of acute myocardial infarction incidence, all outcomes had moderate certainty of evidence. CONCLUSION Excessive circulating copper levels are associated with stroke, coronary artery disease mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality with moderate certainty.